Cities Example Output

Selected Node ID: 1

البلدان العربية / Arab Countries

Celko Visitation Parameters (Parent ID=1, Left=1, Right=5354)

- إختر رجاء -الأردن الإمارات العربية المتحدة البحرين الجزائر السودان الصحراء الغربية الصومال العراق الكويت المغرب المملكة العربية السعودية اليمن تونس جيبوتي سوريا عمان فلسطين قطر لبنان ليبيا مصر موريتانيا

Some SQL example implements Celko visitation model features:

• Finding all the cities nodes in the selected region:
  SELECT * FROM city WHERE right-left=1 AND left>=1 AND right<=5354
   
• Retrieving a single path (Country\Region\City):
  SELECT id FROM city WHERE left<=1 AND right>=5354 ORDER BY left
   
• Finding the depth of the nodes (1 is Country, 2 is Region, and 3 is City):
  SELECT COUNT(id) FROM city WHERE left<1 AND right>5354
   

Reference

Cities Example Code:

<?php
  try {
      /*** connect to SQLite database ***/
      $dbh = new PDO('sqlite:../data/cities.db');

      $city_id  = $_GET['city'];
      if (!$city_id) { $city_id = 1; } 

      $sql = "select * from city where parent_id=$city_id and id>1 order by arabic";
          
      echo '<form action="City.php" method="get" name="frm"><p align="center">';
      echo "Selected Node ID: $city_id <br /><br />";

      $sth = $dbh->prepare("select * from city where id=$city_id");
      $sth->execute();
      $result = $sth->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);

      echo $result['arabic'] . ' / ' . $result['english'] . '<br />';
      if (!empty($result['latitude'])) {
          echo 'Latitude: ' . $result['latitude'];
          echo ', Longitude: ' . $result['longitude'];
      }

      echo '<br /><br /><select name="city" dir="rtl" onChange="document.frm.submit()">';
      echo '<option>- إختر رجاء -</option>';

     /*
      * You will have noticed that we can iterate over the result set directly
      * with foreach. This is because internally the PDO statement implements 
      * the SPL traversble iterator, thus giving all the benifits of using SPL.
      *       
      * The greatest benifit of this is that SPL iterators know only one element 
      * at a time and thus large result sets become manageable without hogging 
      * memory.
      */             
      foreach ($dbh->query($sql) as $row) {
          echo '<option value="' . $row['id'] . '">';

          if ($row['arabic'] == '') {
              $title = $row['english'];
          } else {
              $title = $row['arabic'];
          }

          echo "$title</option>\n";
      }
  
      echo '</select> ';
      echo '<input type="button" onclick="window.location=\'City.php\';"
             value="قم باختيار جديد" /></form></p>';
      
      // Close the databse connection
      $dbh = null; 
  } catch(PDOException $e) {
      echo $e->getMessage();
  }

---

Total execution time is 0.0021569728851318 seconds
Amount of memory allocated to this script is 376672 bytes

Names of included or required files:

• /var/www/lms/vendor/chehivskiy/i18n-arabic/I18N/Arabic/Examples/City.php